Kerala is a green strip of land between the Western
Ghats and the beaches of the Arabian Sea, clings like a banana
leaf to the southwestern coast of the Indian peninsula. It has
only 1.1 8 per cent of the total area of the country but houses
3.43% of the the country's population. The strip of land found a
natural defence in the hills that sealed off one longitudinal
section, leaving it open to access from the sea alone. Kerala may
be divided into three geographical regions (1) high land (2) mid
land (3) low land.
Legends speak of Kerala as Parasuramakshetram, 'the land of
Parasurama'. The land of Kerala is believed to be a gift of the
Arabian Sea. Owing. Sea trade started with the Phoenicians, and
in 1000 BC Kerala was visited by King Solomon's ship that
travelled to 'Ophir', in all probability the modern Puvar, south
of Trivandrum. Then followed the traders from Greece, Rome,
Arabia, China, Portuguese who gained right in 1516; the Dutch
merchants a stronghold in 1602, and by 1663 the Portuguese were
forced out of the area. By 1795, however, the Dutch too had to
move out, for the British traders had become the strongest power
in India by that time. Much earlier, the Jews came to Kerala when
they fled the rule of Nebuchadnezzar in 587 BC; St. Thomas the
Apostle came here in the first century AD; the Syrian Christian
were in existence here in the 2nd century AD. When the Portuguese
came to Kerala, they found a thriving Christian community here,
but one that had never heard of Pope.